Nelson Mandela

Timeline:

·        On July 18, 1918  he had born in Transkei, South Africa.

·        In 1942, he studied in the University of Witwatersrand and qualified in law.

·        In 1944, he joined the African National Congress.

·        After 1948, he was engaged in resistance against the ruling National Party's apartheid policies.

·        In 1956-1961 he went on trial for treason.

·        In 1961, he was acquitted.

·        In 1962, he was arrested and sentenced to five years' imprisonment with hard labour.

·        In 1963, he has been arrested and was brought to stand trial for plotting to overthrow the government by violence.

·        On June 12, 1964 he was sentenced to life imprisonment.

·        From 1964 to 1982, he was incarcerated at Robben Island Prison, thereafter, he was at Pollsmoor Prison.

·        On February 11, 1990 he was released.

·        In 1991, Mandela was elected President of the ANC.

Achievements:

·        He became a potent symbol of resistance as the anti-apartheid movement.

·        In 1991, he was elected President of the ANC.

·        In 1993, he received the Nobel Peace Prize.

·        In 1994, he was elected President of the South Africa.

Obesity

·        What is obesity?

Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems.

·        Is obesity only a national problem?

No, today the world is facing a problem of childhood obesity with its rates increasing in many countries, especially the developed ones like the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia.

·        What are the reasons for obesity in children?

-      Genetic factors play an important role because some particular genes acting together probably make some children more susceptible to obesity.

-      Eating wrong kinds of food is another contributing factor, and that can be by choosing high fat and sugary foods instead of healthier options.

-      Lack of physical activity is considered to be one of the reasons for excess weight, because many of Australian children like to play electronic games, which makes them less active than if they play physical sports

·        What is the treatment?

Changing lifestyle and diet can help children to maintain a healthy weight.

Australian’s Family Law, parents’ rights and responsibilities:

Parents have a right to direct the care, control and upbringing their children as long as they are dependent, provided that without endangers the child’s physical, psychological or emotional health or development. The parents are responsible to punish their children if their behavior has bad effects on themselves or on the community. The parents’ authority gives them the right to make decisions on behalf of their children in education, health and safety. Parents should encourage their children to be independents gradually and help them to understand the consequences of wrong actions. Parents must teach their children to respect the rules in home, school and public places, that is help them to respect the rights of others and respect the community where they are belong.

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